Adolescent years can be a time of excitement, discovery, and growth, but they can also be challenging and emotionally turbulent due to changes in hormones and the pressures of transitioning out of childhood. The rise of social media adds another layer of stress for teens. The constant exposure to peers’ curated lives and the pressure of always being visible can contribute to feelings of inadequacy, anxiety, and emotional distress.
Warning signs
While mood swings and occasional bad days are normal, persistent sadness, withdrawal, or changes in behavior could be signs of something deeper: depression. According to The American Psychiatric Association (2025), some key warning signs of depression include persistent sadness, hopelessness, or irritability; feelings of guilt or worthlessness; frequent crying; and heightened sensitivity to rejection or failure. Behavioral changes, such as withdrawing from family and friends, losing interest in hobbies or school, changes in sleep patterns (insomnia or excessive sleeping), and engaging in risky or self-destructive behaviors like substance use or self-harm, are also important to watch for. It is crucial to recognize that thoughts of death or suicide can be a serious symptom of depression and should never be ignored. If your teen is experiencing these thoughts, seeking immediate help from a mental health professional is essential. see crisis resources at the end of this article
Next steps
The most effective treatment for depressive disorders often involves a combination of medication and psychotherapy (Dailey et al., 2014). Psychiatrists and psychiatric nurses can prescribe medications and oversee medication management, while counselors focus on providing therapy. For teens, starting therapy can feel like a big step, and how the conversation is introduced can significantly impact their willingness to engage. Many adolescents may feel hesitant, anxious, or even resistant to the idea, so approaching the discussion with care and empathy is key. To navigate this conversation effectively, consider normalizing therapy, giving your teen a sense of control, and practicing patience. Emphasize that therapy isn’t just for those in crisis—it’s a valuable resource for anyone seeking support, learning coping strategies, or working through life’s challenges. Since teens value independence, involve them in the decision-making process. Encouraging your teen to explore therapists on PsychologyToday.com can support their independence in the early stages of beginning therapy.
If your teen isn’t ready, avoid pushing them. Instead, continue checking in and reminding them
that therapy remains an option whenever they feel prepared. Sometimes, simply introducing the
idea and leaving the door open can make all the difference when they’re ready to take that step.
Gratitude
Modeling gratitude for your teen is a great way to incorporate the principles of Positive Psychology and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). By shifting our mindset from "I don’t want to get out of bed today" to "I get to get out of bed today," we can foster more positive actions and behaviors, creating a ripple effect of change.
Meditation on gratitude
Take a deep breath and close your eyes. Inhale slowly, and as you breathe out, let go of any tension you’re holding. Think about one thing you’re thankful for today—something simple, like a good conversation, your favorite song, or even a cozy spot to relax. Imagine that gratitude growing inside you like a warm light filling you up. With each breath, say to yourself, “I’m grateful for this moment. I’m grateful for this feeling.” Let it be a reminder that, even in tough times, there’s always something worth appreciating. Continue to follow your inhales and exhales.
Written by:
Kaitlyn Seikunas, MA, LPCC
720-925-1859
Alpenglow-Counseling.com
kaitlynseikunas@alpenglow-counseling.com
References
Dailey, S. F., Gill, C. S., Karl, S. L., & Barrio, M. C. A. (2014). Dsm-5 learning companion for counselors. American Counseling Association. Created from tcsesl on 2023-03-23 21:53:23.
American Psychiatric Association. (2025). What is depression? American Psychiatric Association. Retrieved February 13, 2025, from
https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/depression/what-is-depression
Crisis resources available for immediate support:
- Colorado Crisis Services Phone: Call 1-844-493-8255 to connect with trained crisis counselors
- 24/7 Walk-In Center: Visit the 24/7 walk-in center at 3180 Airport Road, Boulder, CO 80301.
- National Suicide Prevention Lifeline Phone: Dial 988 to reach the 24-hour crisis line.
- Boulder Valley School District (BVSD) Mental Health Services Phone: 303-447-1010
- University of Colorado Boulder Resources Phone: 24/7 at 303-492-2277.
- Crisis Text Line Text: Text "TALK" to 38255 to connect with trained counselors 24/7.